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A Male Factor
Males may have a sperm problem, such as a low sperm count, sperm with lower than normal sperm motility or unusual sperm morphology (shape or form).
Few treatments are available to raise the sperm count, but successful pregnancy often still can be achieved. Sperm motility may be improved with medication, surgery or special techniques in semen preparation.
Professionals for Women's Health also can refer you to providers of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and gamete intra-fallopian transfer (GIFT) procedures.
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Abnormal Ovulation
This may be the result of a hormonal imbalance and usually results in irregular menstrual periods.
Problems with ovulation are also associated with low body weight, being overweight or drastic weight loss or gain, as well as other causes.
The treatment of abnormal ovulation may be relatively simple or more involved, requiring a specialist.
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Blocked Fallopian Tubes
When fallopian tubes are blocked or damaged, it may interfere with the egg and sperm uniting or with proper embryo development and implantation in the uterus. Tubal damage can occur following a pelvic infection resulting from an IUD or bacteria such as chlamydia, mycoplasma or gonorrhea.
The patient may experience no symptoms of the infection and may not know about the problem until an infertility evaluation is performed. An x-ray of the tubes (called a hysterosalpingogram) and diagnostic laparoscopy (surgery through a small incision below the navel) may be used to detect the problem.
Treatment usually requires specialized surgery.
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